General and Autonomic Nervous System Pharmacology

Which of the following is false concerning the volume of distribution of a drug?

Which of the following statements concerning the subcutaneous route of administration is TRUE

Which of the following UNTRUE about weak electrolytes and the influence of pH?

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning partial agonists?

Which of the following is UNTRUE about the parenteral route of administration?

Which of the following statements concerning drug absorption and bioavailability is wrong

The rate at which a drug penetrates a biologic membrane, by passive diffusion

Routes of parenteral administration include all except

Which is UNTRUE concerning drug antagonism?

Drug Interactions are usually due to all EXCEPT? [al differential binding to plasma proteins

Which is TRUE concerning drug antagonism?

Drug Interactions result from all the following EXCEPT [al differential binding to plasma proteins

Which is INCORRECT?

Which of the following statements is not true concerning plasma protein binding? ·

Which of the following Statements the concerning distribution of drugs from the blood into the CNS is true?

The following adverse effects (side effects) are commonly associated with cholinergic antagonists EXCEPT:

UNTRUE Statements concerning the excretion of drug

Direct effects of muscarinic receptor activation include all EXCEPT

Which of the following statements about adrenergic transmission is UNTRUE? 5

Concerning open angle glaucoma, which of the following is correct statement

Concerning carbamate anticholinesterases

Myasthenia gravis 6

Which is correct about open angle glaucoma?

Calculate the half-life Time Conc 2 hours. 100ug/ml 6 hours. 25ug/ml 10 hours. 6.25ug/ml 14 hours 1.56ug/ml

Pick out the appropriate alimentary mode of administration where passage through liver is eliminated

If the volume of distribution of a drug is 150L, which statement best describes it?

All the following statement are true except

Which of the following statements is/are true for a drug whose elimination from plasma shows 1st order kinetics

Which of the following will occur with an antagonist binding to a receptor

A patient was given a drug A with ED50 of 1mg/kg for the reduction of hypertension. If the drug B with ED50 of 3mg/kg was given and has the same response, which of the following is/are correct

What is the 1/2 life of a drug whose volume of distribution is 21.0L and plasma clearance is 60.7ml/min

A drug has a half life of 12 hours. It was given by an oral route every 12 hours. At what time would the drug achieve a steady state

Example of ligand-gated receptor

Drug with half life of 12hours is taken as a 10mg pill by oral admin once every 12hours. The fluctuation that exists once steady state is achieved;

regarding termination of drug action

Regarding efficacy and potency of a drug all are true except

Pilocarpine is most commonly used as

All of the following can result from poisoning of an organophosphate nerve gas or insecticide EXCEPT

Which of the following is not a primary effect of stimulating muscarinice M receptor

Which of the following is not a result of excessive cholinergic stimulation as would be seen with a nerve agent or organophosphosphats poisoning

Which of the following is not a mixes sympatomimmetic agent

Adrenaline is added to a local anaesthetic because

Organanophosphate nerve gas such as Sarin and insecticide such as Malathion produce toxic effect in humans via

Prior to an operation to remove a pheochromocytoma (neuroendocrine tumor of the medulla 16 of the adrenal glands), which of the following should be given to the patient?

Which of the following will be increased in intracellular concentration due to second messenger IP3?

When injected intravenously, a certain dose of epinephrine was seen to cause a marked vasoconstrictive effect. Drug Y was added to the same dose of epinephrine, and was seen to cause general vasodilation. The identity of Drug Y could be

Which of the following is true of the effect of botulinum toxin

Constriction of iris sphincter by pilocarpine

Disulfiram is a drug used to treat alcoholism. What effect does this drug have

Tachyphylaxis refers to which of the following?

Which of these is not true about Beta-2 stimulation?

Myasthenia gravis

All of the following statements concerning physostigmine and neostigmine are true EXCEPT

B adrenergic receptor antagonists may lower blood pressure by other mechanism EXCEPT

B2 agonists and methylxanthines

B2 agonists, UNTRUE statement

ẞ1 receptors produce increased

Which of the following best describes an agonist

A competitive antagonist affects an agonist's\-\-\-\-\-\--and a non competitive antagonist affects the agonist's

Drug biotransformation phase I makes drugs \_\_\_\_ polar for metabolism and phase II makes drugs \_\_\_\_ polar for excretion

Which of the following is NOT a phase II substrate?

Which of the following reactions is phase II and NOT phase I?

Which of the following locations is the most likely for finding a free, unaltered drug? 28

Most drugs are active in their \_\_\_\_ form and inactive in their \_\_\_\_ form

Epithelial cells are connected by \_\_\_\_, which are tough to cross and materials often must pass through the cells. Endothelial cells of blood vessels are connected by \_\_\_\_, which proteins cannot cross but smaller drugs (MW 200-500) can

If a patient misses three doses of their daily drug, which of the following (in general) is the best solution?

The consequences of irrational drug usage include all the following EXCEPT

Which of the following statements about prescription writing is WRONG

A good prescription should include the following EXCEPT

Irrational drug abuse includes the following EXCEPT

Non selective B adrenergic blockers have the following disadvantages EXCEPT

At what stage of adrenergic synthesis does movement into storage vesicles occur?

Which of the following is incorrect concerning methyldopa?

COMT, INCORRECT STATEMENT: 31

MOA, INCORRECT statement

Blocks the transport of dopamine into storage vesicles

Displaces noradrenalin from storage vesicles Reserpine

Blocks release of noradrenalin from storage vesicles

Drug-drug Interactions result from all the following EXCEPT?

Concerning peripheral autonomic nerves, all the following are untrue except

Which of the following general statements on autonomic nervous system is UNTRUE

Neurotransmission can be inhibited by the following substance except 33

Evidence that a chemical substance is a neurotransmitter includes all EXCEPT

Which of the following statements is correct about myasthenia gravis

Which of the following concerning quaternary carbamate anticholinesterase is UNTRUE

Which of the following best describes reason of applying physostigmine to the eye

Which of the following general statements concerning adrenergic transmission is UNTRUE

Neuromuscular blockers, TRUE statement

Neuromuscular blockers TRUE statement

Inverse agonists, CORRECT statement

Drug metabolism, WRONG statement

Which of the following statements about adrenergic transmission is UNTRUE?

About drug efficacy

Which statement concerning the biotransformation of drugs is UNTRUE?

Tachyphylaxis is 40

Which of the following is an example of physiologic antagonism?

Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE concerning plasma protein binding?

Concerning plasma protein drug binding, INCORRECT statement is?

Which of the following statements concerning the subcutaneous route of administration is FALSE?

Which of the following is UNTRUE about weak electrolytes and the influence of pH?

Which of the following Statements concerning distribution of drugs from the blood into the CNS is true?

Which of the following is TRUE concerning the volume of distribution of a drug?

Which of the following statements concerning the subcutaneous route of administration is UNTRUE

Which of the following UNTRUE about weak electrolytes and the influence of pH?

Which of the following statements is UNTRUE concerning partial agonists?

Competitive neuromuscular blockers, TRUE statement

These are all uses of anticholinergic agents EXCEPT

Like the barbiturates, the benzodiazepines

Increased benzodiazepine doses

Unlike benzodiazepines, barbiturates

Benzodiazepines, wrong statement

Which of the following is untrue of tocolytics?

Concerning B-adrenergic agonists 58

The nature of the phenothazine side chain determines their \-\-\--Is a CNS question(ignore)

A compound is found to increase the heart rate but has no effect on the eye. It also caused a significant relaxation of the bronchial muscle. This compound would be categorized as

These are all uses of anticholinergic agents EXCEPT 66

True Statement about drug efficacy

Muscle weakness

The rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of norepinephrine involves the enzyme

Your pharmacology laboratory has been given a new compound for screening. It is found to increase the heart rate but has no effect on the eye. It also caused a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure as well as relaxation of the bronchial muscle. This compound would be categorized as

Recent investigation has demonstrated the existence of both presynaptic alpha receptors (à2) and postsynaptic alpha receptors (à1). All of the following statements concerning these alpha receptors are true EXCEPT

Your pharmacology laboratory has been given an unknown compound for screening. It is found to contract the sphincter muscle of the eye, decrease the heart rate, increase bronchial gland secretions and causes sweating. You would classify this compound as (an)

Your pharmacology laboratory has received a new compound for screening. Initial experimentation with the compound yields the following findings: It causes contraction of the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder, contraction of the sphincter muscle of the iris, and secretion of lacrimal glands. With this information you might initially classify the compound as a (an)

All of the following drugs are examples of direct acting beta agonists EXCEPT

Your pharmacology laboratory has a new compound for screening. It is found to cause tachycardia, mydriasis, urinary retention and cycloplegia. You would classify this agent as a (an)

The most important mechanism for terminating the activity of released norepinephrine from the presynaptic terminal

A pharmacology laboratory is given a new compound for screening. This drug causes mydriasis and bradycardia, and causes pain and difficulty in micturition. You would classify this compound as a (an)

The arterioles are predominantly under parasympathetic control

All of the following classes of drugs can demonstrate anticholinergic side effects EXCEPT

The primary function of phase 1 metabolism is to make the drug 82

The primary function of Phase 1 metabolism is to make the drug

Which isn\'t a phase of the dose response curve

Which of the following has affinity but lack intrinsic activity?

When progressive increases in dosage is required to maintain the same effects of a drug

The most important determination of pharmacokinetic profile of a drug is its

Drugs with receptor mediated actions do not have

What can influence the volume of distribution of an administered drug

Which has zero efficacy?

Which isn\'t a component of pharmacokinetics

The effects of two drugs administered together far exceeds their summative effects

Drug interactions are usually due to all EXCEPT

Routes of parenteral administration include all except

Which is TRUE concerning drug antagonism?

Drug elimination

Centrally acting a2agonist

Which of the following agonist isn\'t indirect or mixed acting

Which is mixed acting

Selective ẞ2 agonists

The indications for anticholinergics include all the following EXCEPT

Ganglion blockers are obsolete agents primarily because

Neuromuscular blockers

Which acts at nicotinic receptors

Which has only peripheral effects?

Parasympatholytics generally have a wide therapeutic margin, rarely however, life threatening poisoning with atropine may occur and it is characterized by the following EXCEPT

The first step of acetylcholine breakdown

Which isn\'t stage of neurohumoral transmission

Which isn\'t a competitive blocker

Muscarinic receptors are found

Which is a partial agonist

Which blocker isn\'t cardioselective?

ẞ1 receptors are located

a2 receptors are located

B2 receptors are located

ẞ2 receptors produce increased

a1 receptors produce

a2 receptors produce

Concerning anticholinesterases

Myasthenia gravis

Neuromuscular blockers, TRUE statement

Which of the following statements concern anticholinesterase agents is UNTRUE?

Direct effects of muscarinic receptor activation include all EXCEPT

The major antimuscarinic drug used in the treatment of Parkinson\'s disease include all EXCEPT

Which is correct about open angle glaucoma? 104

The primary function of phase 1 metabolism is to make the drug

Provides the bulk of tablets

Which acts at nicotinic receptors 118

Which agents would not have important CNS beneficial and side effects

Which agents would have the lowest volume of distribution

The thoracolumbar outflow is 120

ẞ1 receptors are located 122

a2 receptors are located

a2 receptors 124

Concerning diuretics, which of the following is UNTRUE?

Frequent indication for osmotic diuretics include all the following EXCEPT

Which of the following statements is not true concerning plasma protein binding? · 142

Which of the following is UNTRUE about the parenteral route of administration?

Concerning B-adrenergic agonists

The indications for anticholinergics include all the following EXCEPT 148

You are an Emergency Department Registrar. At 2am a patient presents with a systolic BP of less than 100. The left ventricular filling pressure of more than 20mmHG and a cardiac output of less than 2.5L/min. In this patient what is your first line of treatment?

Which does not cause vasoconstriction

Regarding neurotransmitters in the brain

Beta-Blockers i) Regarding adrenoceptor antagonists, which of the following is 'selective'?

Inhaled Anticholinergic Drugs i) The Drug Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Cholinergic Drugs i) Regarding the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g. physiostigmine, neostigmine) which of the following is TRUE?

Anticholinergic Drugs 2 i) Benztropine causes

Drugs and the Eye i) Regarding the treatments for glaucoma, which INCREASES aqueous outflow?

Depolarsiing Muscle Relaxants i) Concerning the IV drug Suxamethonium, which is TRUE?

effects of Psychiatric Medications i) Regarding Amitryptiline (Tricyclic Antidepressant) which are NOT effects

Muscle Relaxants i) Regarding non-depolarising muscle relaxants

Prazosin; which is correct