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Year 4 pathway

Chemical Pathology

Laboratory medicine, renal and liver chemistry, endocrine, metabolic, and clinical chemical pathology. Every card is a launch point into the question bank and the grounded Teaching Room.

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1

Study day 1

Introduction and Laboratory Basics

Introduction to chemical pathology and the role of the chemical pathologist

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Types of biological specimen and biological variation

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Point of care testing: principles and application

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Factors affecting laboratory results (pre-analytical and post-analytical sources of error)

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Role of the physician in reducing laboratory errors

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Laboratory safety

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Automation in the laboratory

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Chemical pathology and the application of artificial intelligence (AI)

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2

Study day 2

Immunology (Basic Concepts)

Basic concepts of immunology: immunoglobulin structures, properties and functions

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Cytokine storm

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3

Study day 3

Renal Chemistry

Renal function tests

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Renal tubular acidosis

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Types of urine samples

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Urinalysis

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Water and sodium balance and disorders

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4

Study day 4

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Glucose homeostasis

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Diabetes mellitus and its complications

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Hypoglycaemia

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Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

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Gestational diabetes mellitus

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Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism

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5

Study day 5

Nutrition and Substance-Related Biochemistry

Biochemistry of alcohol abuse

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Water-soluble vitamins

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Obesity

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Metabolic syndrome

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Trace elements and metals

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Nutrition/nutritional support

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Malabsorption syndrome

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Investigations of malabsorption syndrome

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6

Study day 6

Electrolyte, Acid-Base and Mineral Homeostasis

Potassium homeostasis and disorders

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Acid-base balance

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Disorders of acid-base balance / interpretation

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Calcium, phosphate and magnesium homeostasis and disorders

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Metabolic bone disease

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7

Study day 7

Endocrinology

Introduction to endocrinology and mechanism of action of hormones

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Hypothalamus-pituitary gland

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Thyroid axis and disorders

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Adrenal axis and disorders

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Gonadal axis and disorders / infertility

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8

Study day 8

Proteins, Enzymes and Tumour Markers

Plasma enzymes in diagnosis

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Tumor markers / paraneoplastic syndrome

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Metabolic effects of tumors (carcinoid syndrome, MEN, etc.)

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Plasma protein and its disorders

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Plasma lipids and disorders

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9

Study day 9

Organ-Specific Chemical Pathology

Liver function test

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Cardiac markers

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Chemical pathology of hypertension

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CSF in health and disease

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10

Study day 10

Inborn Errors and Special Topics

Inborn errors of amino acid metabolism

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Haem metabolism and disorders (porphyria)

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Purine and urate metabolism and disorders

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11

Study day 11

Special Populations and Clinical Contexts

Clinical pathology of the newborn

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Chemical pathology of pregnancy

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Geriatric chemical pathology

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Endocrinopathology of HIV/AIDS

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12

Study day 12

Therapeutic Monitoring and Toxicology

Therapeutic drug monitoring

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Occupational health testing (monitoring of exposed workers)

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Drug of abuse testing

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